Probably the easiest thing would be to restrict the privilege of posting to only members of the list. That totally eliminates spam, without using complicated spam-filtering that is prone to false positives, while allowing the welcome and useful announcements from legitimate "business partners" such as local homebrew shops and brewpubs. The downside of that is slightly more work in list administration. If somebody changes their email address and forwards their old address to their new one, they can't post. So in that case they must resubscribe at their new address, rather than letting forwarding happen. The net result is a cleaner list - and no SPAM. Roger Deschner Listmeister, Chicago Beer Society rogerd(a)uic.edu On Mon, 7 Feb 2005, Bob Hain wrote: